Abstract of research

BIOCHEMICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CLOSANTEL AND LEVAMISOL IN FEMALE RABBITS

Shadia A. Refat, Abo El -Fetouh, E.H.a , Riham M. El-Rashidy b and Omaima M. Samay b

Abstract

The effect of the anthelmintic drugs (closantel and levamisole) on biochemical, teratological and pathological changes was studied in female rabbits by using 15 pregnant female rabbits 8 months old and 15 male rabbit, 10 months old used for mating. Rabbit were divided into three equal groups (5 females and 5 males in each). 1st group left without treatment (control group), 2nd and 3rd groups were S/C injected with therapeutic dose of closantel and levamisole, respectevely as one dose at zero day of pregnancy. Pregnant rabbits were kept under daily observation until the 28th day of pregnancy, afterwards, caesarian sections were performed to determine the effects of the tested drugs on foetal numbers, weight and length. Two blood samples were collected at 15th and 28th day of pregnancy for haematological and biochemical evaluation. Samples from liver and kidney were taken for histopathological study. Subcutaneous injection of closantel and levamisole at zero day of pregnancy induces insignificacant decrease in number, weight and length of feti. The hematological study revealed that closantel and levamisole induced insignificant decrease in erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and packed cell volume 15th and 28thdays post injection. Closantel induced significant increase in leukocytes, eosinophils, monocytes. Levamisole induced significant elevation in count of leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes. In the current work, closantel induce significant decrease in total protein and albumin. Pregnant rabbit treated with levamisole showed a significant increase in total proteins, albumin and globulin. Closantel induced histopathological changes mainfested by severe hydropic degeneration in hepatic cells. Renal tubules showed necrotic epithelial, hyperplasia of the glomerular tuft and hyaline casts were seen in the lumen of renal tubules in some cases specially at 15 days post-injection. Closentil induce severe destruction in the renal epithelia but levamisole induce hyperplasia of bile duct at 15 day post-treatment. Portal area infiltrated with eosinophils, round cells infiltration were seen between the renal tubules. It could be concluded closantel and levamisole have no effects on developing foeti, but still produce adverse effects on haemato-chemical picture.