Abstract of research

Detection of Disinfectant resistant aerobic bacteria in unhatched chicken eggs

Aml A. bakheet; Naglaa M. Ali; Sayed H. Al. Habaty and Soad A. Nasef

Abstract

A total of 100 dead in shell chicken eggs and 20 swabs from hatcheries were examined for aerobic bacteria. The isolated bacteria were identified as Escherichia coli 26 isolates (21.7%); (out of them 18 isolates from unhatched eggs and 8 isolates from hatcheries). Pseudomonas aeruginosa 22 isolates (18.3%) was isolated only from unhatched eggs. While we isolated 16 (13.3%) coagulase positive Staphylococci; 12 isolates from unhatched eggs and 4 isolates from hatcheries. Proteus spp.13 isolates (10.8%); 8 isolates from unhatched eggs and 5 isolates from hatcheries. finally Salmonella spp.11 isolates (9.2%) and we couldnâ€™t isolate any of them from hatcheries. The serological examination of E coli strains revealed that there were 9 serotypes , the most predominant serotype was O91 : H21(7isolates) , followed by O78 (4 isolates), O2 : H6 (2 isolates) , O163 : H2 (2 isolates) , O128 : H2 (3 isolates), O158(2 isolates), O26 : H11(2 isolates), O121 : H7 (2isolate) and O44 : H18(2isolates).Serotyping of Salmonella isolates showed that belonged to S. Kentukey 3 isolates, S. Enteritidis 3 isolates , S. Molade 2 isolates , S. Tsevie 1 isolates , S. Infantis 1 isolate and S. Larochelle 1 isolate. The antibiotic susceptibility testing of E. coli isolates were studied against 15 different chemotherapeutic agents revealed that it was 100%, 100%, 100%, and 96.1% resistant to Amoxicillin, Methicillin, Sulfamethazole/Trimethoprim and Cefoxitin respectively, while E. coli isolates were sensitive for Colistin, Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin with 92.3%, 88.5% and 84.6% respectively. While P. aeruginosa isolates were 100% resistant to tetracycline, Methicillin, Ampicillin, and Amoxicillin, while they were sensitive for Gentamycin (77.3 %) and Ciprofloxacin (72.7%). Coagulase Positive Staphylococci isolates were 100% resistant to Methicillin and Cefoxitin while highly sensitive for Gentamycin and Proteus and Pseudomonas Ciprofloxacin in percentage of 93.7%and 87.5%. In case of Proteus isolates they were found to be 100% resistant to Tetracycline, Methicillin and Cefoxitin while they were sensitive for Ciprofloxacin and Streptomycin 92.3 % and 84.6 %.Finely Salmonella spp. were resistant to Methicillin and Cefoxitin with 100% and Amoxicillin 90.9% while sensitive for Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin with 90.9%.and 81.8%. Determination of multidrug resistance index (MDRI) for bacterial isolates recorded 0.633 in E. coli, 0.781 in Ps. aeruginosa, 0.612 in Staphylococci, 0.579 in Proteus spp. and 0.593 in Salmonella. Quaternary ammonium compound resistant gene (qacED1) was detected by PCR in E. coli, Salmonella, Coagulase Positive Staphylococci, aeruginosa with incidence rate 100% in all isolates. The study concluded that the presence of the qac resistance gene and multi-drug resistance bacteria of the isolated strains definite a link between antibiotic and disinfectant resistance is possible.